{"id":3742,"date":"2014-05-07T14:33:37","date_gmt":"2014-05-07T14:33:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/?p=3742"},"modified":"2014-05-07T14:37:10","modified_gmt":"2014-05-07T14:37:10","slug":"phd-defense-v-herve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/?p=3742","title":{"rendered":"PhD Defense: V. Herv\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

The defense will be held the 28th May 2014<\/strong>\u00a0at\u00a09H00<\/strong>\u00a0in\u00a0Amphitheater 7,<\/strong>\u00a0Facult\u00e9 des Sciences<\/strong>, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Vandoeuvre<\/p>\n

Title:<\/span> Bacterial-fungal interactions in wood decay:<\/b> from wood physicochemical properties to taxonomic and functional diversity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium<\/i>-associated bacterial communities<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Abstract<\/span><\/h1>\n

Wood decomposition is an important process in forest ecosystems in terms of their carbon and nutrient cycles. In temperate forests, saprotrophic basidiomycetes such as white-rot fungi are the main wood decomposers. While they have been less studied, bacterial communities also colonise decaying wood and coexist with these fungal communities. Although the impact of bacterial-fungal interactions on niche functioning has been highlighted in a wide range of environments, little is known about their role in wood decay. Based on microcosm experiments and using a culture-independent approach, we showed that the presence of the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium<\/i> significantly modified the structure and diversity of the bacterial communities associated with the degradation of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica<\/i>). Using a culture-dependent approach, it was confirmed that in the presence of the fungus the mycosphere effect resulted in increased bacterial abundance and modified the functional diversity of the fungal-associated bacterial communities. Lastly, a polyphasic approach simultaneously analysing wood physicochemical properties and extracellular enzyme activities was developed. This approach revealed that P.\u00a0chrysosporium<\/i> associated with a bacterial community isolated from its mycosphere was more efficient in degrading wood compared to the fungus on its own, highlighting for the first time synergistic bacterial-fungal interactions in decaying wood.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Keywords<\/strong><\/span>: wood decomposition, bacterial-fungal interactions, mycosphere effect, bacterial diversity, Phanerochaete chrysosporium<\/i>, Fagus sylvatica<\/i>, white rot.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/span><\/h1>\n

Dans les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers, la d\u00e9composition du bois est un processus majeur, notamment impliqu\u00e9 dans le cycle du carbone et des nutriments. Les champignons basidiomyc\u00e8tes saprotrophes, <\/span>incluant les pourritures blanches,<\/span> sont les principaux agents de <\/span>cette d\u00e9composition <\/span>dans les for\u00eats temp\u00e9r\u00e9es<\/span>. <\/span>Bien que peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9es, des communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes sont \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sente<\/span>s<\/span> dans le bois en d\u00e9composition et cohabitent avec <\/span>c<\/span>es communaut\u00e9s fongiques. <\/span>L’impact des<\/span> interactions bact\u00e9ries-champignons sur le fonctionnement d’une niche \u00e9cologique <\/span>a<\/span> \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9crit dans d<\/span>e nombreux<\/span>environnement<\/span>s. <\/span>Cependant,<\/span> tr\u00e8s peu <\/span>de choses sont connues sur leur <\/span>r\u00f4le<\/span> dans <\/span>le processus de d\u00e9composition du bois<\/span>. <\/span>A partir d’exp\u00e9riences en microcosme et <\/span>en <\/span>utilisant<\/span>une<\/span> approche non cultivable, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que l<\/span>a<\/span> pr\u00e9sence d<\/span>u champignon<\/span>Phanerochaete chrysosporium<\/i><\/span>influen\u00e7ait significativement la <\/span>structure<\/span>et la diversit\u00e9<\/span> des communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes associ\u00e9es au processus de d\u00e9composition du h\u00eatre (<\/span>Fagus sylvatica<\/i><\/span>). <\/span>P<\/span>ar une approche cultivable, cet effet mycosph\u00e8re <\/span>a<\/span>\u00e9t\u00e9 <\/span>confirm<\/span>\u00e9, se<\/span> tradui<\/span>sant<\/span> par une augmentation de la concentration des communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes <\/span>en pr\u00e9sence du champignon<\/span>ainsi que par<\/span> une modification de la diversit\u00e9 fonctionnelle de<\/span>s communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes associ\u00e9es au champignon<\/span>. <\/span>Enfin, une approche polyphasique<\/span> a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e,<\/span>combinant l’analyse des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physico-chimiques du bois et des activit\u00e9s enzymatiques extracellulaires. Ces derniers r\u00e9sultats<\/span>ont<\/span> r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que l’association de <\/span>P.\u00a0chrysosporium<\/i><\/span> avec une communaut\u00e9 bact\u00e9rienne issue de la mycosph\u00e8re de ce dernier <\/span>aboutissait \u00e0 une d\u00e9gradation plus importante du mat\u00e9riau bois <\/span>par rapport \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation par le champignon seul<\/span>, <\/span>indiquant pour la premi\u00e8re fois<\/span> une interaction <\/span>bact\u00e9ries-champignon<\/span> synergique <\/span>dans le bois en d\u00e9composition<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mots-clefs<\/span>\u00a0: d\u00e9composition du bois, interactions bact\u00e9ries-champignons, effet mycosph\u00e8re, diversit\u00e9 bact\u00e9rienne, Phanerochaete chrysosporium<\/i>, Fagus sylvatica<\/i>, pourriture blanche.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The defense will be held the 28th May 2014\u00a0at\u00a09H00\u00a0in\u00a0Amphitheater 7,\u00a0Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Vandoeuvre Title: Bacterial-fungal interactions in wood decay: from wood physicochemical properties to taxonomic and functional diversity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium-associated bacterial communities Abstract Wood decomposition is … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-seminarmeeting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3742"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3742\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}