{"id":5164,"date":"2015-06-20T06:04:19","date_gmt":"2015-06-20T06:04:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/?p=5164"},"modified":"2015-06-20T06:04:28","modified_gmt":"2015-06-20T06:04:28","slug":"article-bmc-genomics-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/?p=5164","title":{"rendered":"Article: BMC Genomics"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12864-015-1660-8#page-1\">Sex and parasites: genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae, the biotrophic and plant-castrating anther smut fungus\u00a0<\/a>MH Perlin, J Amselem, E Fontanillas, S San Toh, Z Chen, J Goldberg, &#8230; BMC Genomics 16 (1), 1-24<span class=\"gs_oph\">, 2015<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"abstract-heading\">Abstract<\/h2>\n<div class=\"abstract-content formatted\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Background<\/h3>\n<p id=\"Par1\" class=\"Para\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The genus\u00a0<em class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Microbotryum<\/em>\u00a0includes plant pathogenic fungi afflicting a wide variety of hosts with anther smut disease.\u00a0<em class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae<\/em>\u00a0infects\u00a0<em class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Silene latifolia<\/em>\u00a0and replaces host pollen with fungal spores, exhibiting biotrophy and necrosis associated with altering plant development.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"Heading\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Results<\/h3>\n<p id=\"Par2\" class=\"Para ParaOneEmphasisChild\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">We determined the haploid genome sequence for\u00a0<em class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">M. lychnidis-dioicae<\/em>\u00a0and analyzed whole transcriptome data from plant infections and other stages of the fungal lifecycle, revealing the inventory and expression level of genes that facilitate pathogenic growth. Compared to related fungi, an expanded number of major facilitator superfamily transporters and secretory lipases were detected; lipase gene expression was found to be altered by exposure to lipid compounds, which signaled a switch to dikaryotic, pathogenic growth. In addition, while enzymes to digest cellulose, xylan, xyloglucan, and highly substituted forms of pectin were absent, along with depletion of peroxidases and superoxide dismutases that protect the fungus from oxidative stress, the repertoire of glycosyltransferases and of enzymes that could manipulate host development has expanded. A total of 14\u00a0% of the genome was categorized as repetitive sequences. Transposable elements have accumulated in mating-type chromosomal regions and were also associated across the genome with gene clusters of small secreted proteins, which may mediate host interactions.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"Heading\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Conclusions<\/h3>\n<p id=\"Par3\" class=\"Para\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The unique absence of enzyme classes for plant cell wall degradation and maintenance of enzymes that break down components of pollen tubes and flowers provides a striking example of biotrophic host adaptation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sex and parasites: genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae, the biotrophic and plant-castrating anther smut fungus\u00a0MH Perlin, J Amselem, E Fontanillas, S San Toh, Z Chen, J Goldberg, &#8230; BMC Genomics 16 (1), 1-24, 2015 Abstract Background The genus\u00a0Microbotryum\u00a0includes &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/?p=5164\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-academic-productions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5164\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycor.iam.inrae.fr\/IAM\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}